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CVE-2026-98644

bpf: Avoid soft lockup in __htab_map_lookup_and_delete_batch()

CVSS score

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EPSS probability

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Risk score

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Published

17 h ago

Patch status has not yet been verified

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Vulnerability description

CVE AI research

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DayBreach AI Explanation

Verified against sources

Linux kernel soft lockup risk in __htab_map_lookup_and_delete_batch

Sources read

2

Source agreement

Tam uyum

Evidence confidence

%63

Short explanation

In the Linux kernel, the __htab_map_lookup_and_delete_batch function lacks a rescheduling point, allowing BPF_MAP_LOOKUP_BATCH on large BPF hash maps to lock a CPU for an extended period and trigger the soft lockup watchdog. (S0)

Why does it matter?

CPU lockup can render the system unavailable and halt tracing/retry mechanisms. (S0)

What should be done?

  • Monitor the vendor’s security advisory and kernel updates
  • Apply the kernel patch when it becomes available (patch status currently UNKNOWN) (S0)
  • Limit use of BPF_MAP_LOOKUP_BATCH on large maps or enable a preemptive kernel configuration
  • Watch for soft lockup warnings in system logs
Chain of evidence and sources3 verified claims

Bu güvenlik açığı, büyük BPF hash haritalarında BPF_MAP_LOOKUP_BATCH çağrısının CPU'yu uzun süre kilitlemesine ve soft lockup watchdog'ı tetiklemesine neden olur. (S0)

CVE‑2026‑98644 için aktif istismar raporlanmamıştır; CISA KEV listesinde yer almamaktadır. (S0)

Yama durumu şu an UNKNOWN olarak değerlendirilmiştir; mevcut bir yama olup olmadığı kesin olarak belirlenememiştir. (S0)

Show the technical text from the sources

In the Linux kernel, the following vulnerability has been resolved: bpf: Avoid soft lockup in __htab_map_lookup_and_delete_batch() __htab_map_lookup_and_delete_batch() has no rescheduling point. The batch count bounds how many entries are copied out, not how many buckets are visited, so one BPF_MAP_LOOKUP_BATCH call can walk the map end to end. The empty-bucket fast path is worse: it stays inside a single rcu_read_lock() / bpf_disable_instrumentation() section for any run of consecutive empty buckets. That holds up on small maps, but it falls apart at scale. On a 144-CPU arm64 host running a CONFIG_PREEMPT_NONE kernel, periodic BPF_MAP_LOOKUP_BATCH calls against an LRU hash map with 16,777,216 buckets held a CPU inside the batch op for 77+ seconds and triggered the soft lockup watchdog. Commit 75134f16e7dd ("bpf: Add schedule points in batch ops") fixed this same problem in the generic batch ops, but not in this htab-native path, which every htab-based hash map variant uses for its lookup[_and_delete] batch ops. Complete that fix here. Leave the critical section after 64 consecutive empty buckets, call cond_resched_tasks_rcu_qs(), and resume at the saved bucket cursor. No locks are held at that point, and resuming from the cursor is already the function's behavior for non-empty buckets. Add the same call to the per-bucket loop after copy_to_user(), where every lock has been dropped. cond_resched_rcu() is not enough here: sleeping with bpf_prog_active elevated makes tracing programs on that CPU silently skip their invocations. Plain cond_resched() is not enough either. It is a no-op under PREEMPT and PREEMPT_LAZY, the only models arm64 and x86 have offered since commit 7dadeaa6e851 ("sched: Further restrict the preemption modes"). It is also never a Tasks RCU quiescent state, in any model: the reschedule counts as a preemption. The walking task stays a holdout and stalls every synchronize_rcu_tasks() caller, ftrace and BPF trampoline teardown included, until the syscall returns [1]. cond_resched_tasks_rcu_qs() is the usual tool for that [2]. It reports the quiescent state at each yield and still reschedules as cond_resched() does on PREEMPT_NONE and PREEMPT_VOLUNTARY kernels.

Explanation produced with the local gemini-flash-lite-latest model. Numerical metrics and the KEV, patch and exploit statuses are not determined by AI.

IMPACT: Affected Products and Software

Affected Products

The following products are affected by CVE-2026-98644 vulnerability. Where our threat engine knows the exact affected versions, they are listed below.

IDVENDORPRODUCTACTION
1linuxLinux View
2linuxLinux View
Total affected vendors: 1|Products: 2

RED HAT CSAF/VEX: Product Impact Check

Red Hat has not yet published a CSAF/VEX impact record for this CVE. This does not mean “not affected”.

SCORING: CVSS from Multiple Sources

CVSS Scores

The Common Vulnerability Scoring System is a standardised framework for assessing the severity of vulnerabilities in software and systems. We collect and display CVSS scores from several sources for each CVE.

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Patch and Remediation Guide

Solution & Remediation Advisory

Patch status unknown

İncelenen resmî kaynaklarda yama durumu doğrulanamadı. Bu sonuç “yama yok” anlamına gelmez.

Confirm the affected product and version against the source evidence above.
Restrict access to internet-facing services and apply network segmentation.
Until a patch is confirmed, follow the vendor advisory; do not read an unknown status as “no patch”.
Monitor server logs and network endpoints for signs of anomalous execution.

Public exploit and active exploitation status

Verified exploit intelligence

No verified public PoC, exploit repository or Metasploit module has been found for this CVE yet.

Weakness Classification and Attack Patterns (CWE & CAPEC)

CWE - Common Weakness Enumeration

While CVE identifies specific instances of vulnerabilities, CWE categorises the common flaws or weaknesses that can lead to vulnerabilities. CVE-2026-98644 is associated with the following CWEs:

Common Attack Pattern Enumeration and Classification (CAPEC)

Common Attack Pattern Enumeration and Classification (CAPEC) stores attack patterns, which are descriptions of the common attributes and approaches employed by adversaries to exploit the CVE-2026-98644 weaknesses.

Official Sources and Advisories

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